(NSQUERY User's Manual) <ABSTRACT>(October, 1993) This manual contains information about the use of NSQUERY, a program for testing Internet domain service (RFC 1035) name servers. <ENDABSTRACT> <REVISION_INFO>(This is a revised manual.) <REVISION_INFO>(Operating System and Version:\VMS V5.0 or later) <REVISION_INFO>(Software Version:\NSQUERY V3.0-2) <ENDTITLE_PAGE>(Matthew Madison<LINE>MadGoat Software) <COPYRIGHT_PAGE> <PRINT_DATE>(11 October 1993) Permission is granted to copy and redistribute this document for no commercial gain. The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by the author. The author assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. <emphasis>(DISCLAIMER:\bold) The author, the author's employer, and MadGoat Software make no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: <TABLE> <TABLE_ATTRIBUTES>(SINGLE_SPACED) <TABLE_SETUP>(3\20\20) <TABLE_ROW>(DEC\ULTRIX\VAX) <TABLE_ROW>(VAXcluster\VMS\) <ENDTABLE> MultiNet is a registered trademark of TGV, Inc. <ENDMARK> <COPYRIGHT_DATE>(1993\MadGoat Software. All Rights Reserved.) <ENDCOPYRIGHT_PAGE> <PREFACE>(3) This document is intended for users of the NSQUERY program. The reader is expected to be familiar with, or at least have access to, the information about the Internet Domain Naming Service, such as Internet RFC's 1034 and 1035. <HEAD1>(System Requirements) NSQUERY requires VMS V5.0 or later and either TGV MultiNet or another TCP/IP package supported by the author's NETLIB package, version V1.2 or later. Refer to the NETLIB release notes for information on supported TCP/IP products. <ENDPREFACE> <ENDFRONT_MATTER> <CHAPTER>(Installing NSQUERY) NSQUERY comes in both source and object form. You may either recompile the program from sources or simply link the provided object code to create the NSQUERY executable. To just create the executable from the object code provided in the distribution kit, just execute the LINK.COM command procedure provided in the kit. For rebuilding from source code, use the BUILD.COM command procedure provided or the MMS description file also in the kit. You may need to modify these files before using them. <head1>(Alternate Network Transports) NSQUERY is provided with access routines for two network transports: MultiNet (using its $QIO interface) and NETLIB (which interfaces to several different TCP/IP packages). If you have a TCP/IP package that isn't directly supported, or you just don't want to install the NETLIB package to support it, you can write your own network access routines. The files NETWORK_MULTINET.C and NETWORK_NETLIB.C can be used as examples or modified as needed for use with your TCP/IP package's API. <CHAPTER>(Using NSQUERY) NSQUERY is designed to be invoked as a DCL <quote>(foreign command): <INTERACTIVE> <S>($ )(NSQ*UERY :== $disk:[dir]NSQUERY) <ENDINTERACTIVE> The command description on the following pages describes the qualifiers and parameters available with NSQUERY. <COMMAND_SECTION> <COMMAND>(NSQUERY\Issue a Name Service Query) <OVERVIEW> This command issues a query to an Internet domain server and displays the resultant reply. <ENDOVERVIEW> <FORMAT> <FCMD>(NSQUERY) <FPARMS>(query-name [server]) <ENDFORMAT> <QUAL_LIST> <QPAIR>(/PORT=number\/PORT=53) <QPAIR>(/PROTOCOL=proto\/PROTOCOL=UDP) <QPAIR>(/[NO]RECURSIVE\/NORECURSIVE) <QPAIR>(/TYPE=qtype\/TYPE=ALL) <QPAIR>(/CLASS=qclass\/CLASS=INTERNET) <ENDQUAL_LIST> <PARAMDEFLIST> <PARAMITEM>(query-name) <PARAMDEF> Name about which information should be obtained. This should be an internet dotted domain-style name. If <emphasis>(query-name) is a numeric IP address in dotted decimal form (e.g., 128.113.1.5), NSQUERY will automatically make an inverse query by reversing the address segments and adding <quote>(.IN-ADDR.ARPA). <PARAMITEM>(server) <PARAMDEF> Server to be queried. If omitted, NSQUERY translates the logical name NSQ_SERVER to obtain the server name. If there is no such logical name or it cannot be translated, NSQUERY prompts for the name of the server. If the server's name has multiple addresses, all addresses are obtained and each is tried until a query is successfully sent and reply received. <ENDPARAMDEFLIST> <DESCRIPTION> All resource records defined in RFC 1035 are interpreted by NSQUERY. Refer to that RFC for information about the abbreviations used in the resource record display. All <quote>(time-to-live) values are displayed as VMS delta-time strings. Authoritative responses and truncated messages are noted before the resource records are displayed. <ENDDESCRIPTION> <QUALDEFLIST> <QUALITEM>(/PORT=port) <QUALDEF> Directs the query to the specified TCP or UDP port. If omitted, port 53 (the port used by most, if not all, domain servers) is used. <QUALITEM>(/PROTOCOL=proto) <QUALDEF> Selects either <KEYWORD>(TCP) or <KEYWORD>(UDP) protocol. The default is UDP. UDP is generally used for simple domain queries; TCP is generally only used for major domain system events, such as zone transfers. <QUALITEM>(/[NO]RECURSIVE) <QUALDEF> Sets the <emphasis>(recursion desired) bit in the query. If the server being queried supports recursion and does not have the requested information cached, it will make queries of other servers on your behalf until the query is answered. NSQUERY will notify you if the server does not support recursive queries. <QUALITEM>(/TYPE=qtype) <QUALDEF> Selects the type of resource record to be returned about the name. The default is ALL, which selects all available resource record types. Available types are as follows: <TABLE>(Resource record types) <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Type/QType\Description) <TABLE_ROW>(A\host address) <TABLE_ROW>(NS\authoritative name server) <TABLE_ROW>(MD\mail destination (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(MF\mail forwarder (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(CNAME\canonical name for an alias) <TABLE_ROW>(SOA\start of zone authority) <TABLE_ROW>(MB\mailbox domain name (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(MG\mail group member (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(MR\mail rename domain name (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(NULL\null resource record) <TABLE_ROW>(WKS\well-known service description) <TABLE_ROW>(PTR\domain name pointer) <TABLE_ROW>(HINFO\host information) <TABLE_ROW>(MINFO\mailbox or mail list information) <TABLE_ROW>(MX\mail exchange) <TABLE_ROW>(TXT\text strings) <TABLE_ROW>(AXFR\complete zone transfer) <TABLE_ROW>(MAILB\all mailbox-related records (MB, MG, MR)) <TABLE_ROW>(MAILA\all mail agent records (obsolete)) <ENDTABLE> Refer to RFC 1035 for a complete description of resource record types and their uses. Note that not all servers support all record types. You should probably never attempt to use the AXFR query type. <QUALITEM>(/CLASS=qclass) <QUALDEF> Selects the class of resource records to be returned. The default is INTERNET. Available <keyword>(qclass) values are: <TABLE>(Resource record classes) <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Class/QClass\Description) <TABLE_ROW>(INTERNET\the Internet) <TABLE_ROW>(CSNET\the CSNET class (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(CHAOSNET\the CHAOS class) <TABLE_ROW>(HESIOD\the Hesiod class) <TABLE_ROW>(ALL\all classes) <ENDTABLE> For more information about resource record class values, see RFC 1035. Note that not all servers support all classes; most servers' authority extends only over Internet-class information. <ENDQUALDEFLIST> <EXAMPLE>(Sample NSQUERY output) <EXAMPLE_ATTRIBUTES>(MULTIPAGE\WIDE) <DISPLAY>(WIDE\MAXIMUM) $ NSQUERY RPI.EDU NETSERV1.ITS.RPI.EDU %NSQUERY-I-TRYNS, trying address 128.113.1.5... %NSQUERY-I-AUTHRESP, authoritative response %NSQUERY-I-QUERYOK, query operation completed successfully QUERY #1: QName=RPI.EDU., QType=255, QClass=1 ANSWER #1: RPI.EDU., SOA, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00 Primary NS: rpi.edu. Responsible: hostmaster.rpi.edu. Serial=600072, Refresh= 1 06:00:00, Retry= 0 00:20:00 Expire= 41 16:00:00, Minimum= 0 12:00:00 ANSWER #2: RPI.EDU., A, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.7 ANSWER #3: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=netserv1.its.rpi.edu. ANSWER #4: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=netserv2.its.rpi.edu. ANSWER #5: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=columbia.edu. ANSWER #6: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=n2ngw.nyser.net. ANSWER #7: RPI.EDU., HINFO, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, CPU=SUN-3/280, OS=UNIX ADDTNL #1: netserv1.its.rpi.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.5 ADDTNL #2: netserv2.its.rpi.edu., A, INTERNET, 1 00:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.3 ADDTNL #3: columbia.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 21:27:26, Addr=128.59.16.1 ADDTNL #4: columbia.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 21:27:26, Addr=128.59.32.1 ADDTNL #5: n2ngw.nyser.net., A, INTERNET, 1 22:57:35, Addr=192.35.82.2 ADDTNL #6: n2ngw.nyser.net., A, INTERNET, 0 00:00:56, Addr=128.145.198.2 <ENDDISPLAY> <ENDEXAMPLE> <ENDCOMMAND

(NSQUERY User's Manual) <ABSTRACT>(October, 1993) This manual contains information about the use of NSQUERY, a program for testing Internet domain service (RFC 1035) name servers. <ENDABSTRACT> <REVISION_INFO>(This is a revised manual.) <REVISION_INFO>(Operating System and Version:\VMS V5.0 or later) <REVISION_INFO>(Software Version:\NSQUERY V3.0-2) <ENDTITLE_PAGE>(Matthew Madison<LINE>MadGoat Software) <COPYRIGHT_PAGE> <PRINT_DATE>(11 October 1993) Permission is granted to copy and redistribute this document for no commercial gain. The information in this document is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by the author. The author assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. <emphasis>(DISCLAIMER:\bold) The author, the author's employer, and MadGoat Software make no representations or warranties with respect to the contents hereof and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation: <TABLE> <TABLE_ATTRIBUTES>(SINGLE_SPACED) <TABLE_SETUP>(3\20\20) <TABLE_ROW>(DEC\ULTRIX\VAX) <TABLE_ROW>(VAXcluster\VMS\) <ENDTABLE> MultiNet is a registered trademark of TGV, Inc. <ENDMARK> <COPYRIGHT_DATE>(1993\MadGoat Software. All Rights Reserved.) <ENDCOPYRIGHT_PAGE> <PREFACE>(3) This document is intended for users of the NSQUERY program. The reader is expected to be familiar with, or at least have access to, the information about the Internet Domain Naming Service, such as Internet RFC's 1034 and 1035. <HEAD1>(System Requirements) NSQUERY requires VMS V5.0 or later and either TGV MultiNet or another TCP/IP package supported by the author's NETLIB package, version V1.2 or later. Refer to the NETLIB release notes for information on supported TCP/IP products. <ENDPREFACE> <ENDFRONT_MATTER> <CHAPTER>(Installing NSQUERY) NSQUERY comes in both source and object form. You may either recompile the program from sources or simply link the provided object code to create the NSQUERY executable. To just create the executable from the object code provided in the distribution kit, just execute the LINK.COM command procedure provided in the kit. For rebuilding from source code, use the BUILD.COM command procedure provided or the MMS description file also in the kit. You may need to modify these files before using them. <head1>(Alternate Network Transports) NSQUERY is provided with access routines for two network transports: MultiNet (using its $QIO interface) and NETLIB (which interfaces to several different TCP/IP packages). If you have a TCP/IP package that isn't directly supported, or you just don't want to install the NETLIB package to support it, you can write your own network access routines. The files NETWORK_MULTINET.C and NETWORK_NETLIB.C can be used as examples or modified as needed for use with your TCP/IP package's API. <CHAPTER>(Using NSQUERY) NSQUERY is designed to be invoked as a DCL <quote>(foreign command): <INTERACTIVE> <S>($ )(NSQ*UERY :== $disk:[dir]NSQUERY) <ENDINTERACTIVE> The command description on the following pages describes the qualifiers and parameters available with NSQUERY. <COMMAND_SECTION> <COMMAND>(NSQUERY\Issue a Name Service Query) <OVERVIEW> This command issues a query to an Internet domain server and displays the resultant reply. <ENDOVERVIEW> <FORMAT> <FCMD>(NSQUERY) <FPARMS>(query-name [server]) <ENDFORMAT> <QUAL_LIST> <QPAIR>(/PORT=number\/PORT=53) <QPAIR>(/PROTOCOL=proto\/PROTOCOL=UDP) <QPAIR>(/[NO]RECURSIVE\/NORECURSIVE) <QPAIR>(/TYPE=qtype\/TYPE=ALL) <QPAIR>(/CLASS=qclass\/CLASS=INTERNET) <ENDQUAL_LIST> <PARAMDEFLIST> <PARAMITEM>(query-name) <PARAMDEF> Name about which information should be obtained. This should be an internet dotted domain-style name. If <emphasis>(query-name) is a numeric IP address in dotted decimal form (e.g., 128.113.1.5), NSQUERY will automatically make an inverse query by reversing the address segments and adding <quote>(.IN-ADDR.ARPA). <PARAMITEM>(server) <PARAMDEF> Server to be queried. If omitted, NSQUERY translates the logical name NSQ_SERVER to obtain the server name. If there is no such logical name or it cannot be translated, NSQUERY prompts for the name of the server. If the server's name has multiple addresses, all addresses are obtained and each is tried until a query is successfully sent and reply received. <ENDPARAMDEFLIST> <DESCRIPTION> All resource records defined in RFC 1035 are interpreted by NSQUERY. Refer to that RFC for information about the abbreviations used in the resource record display. All <quote>(time-to-live) values are displayed as VMS delta-time strings. Authoritative responses and truncated messages are noted before the resource records are displayed. <ENDDESCRIPTION> <QUALDEFLIST> <QUALITEM>(/PORT=port) <QUALDEF> Directs the query to the specified TCP or UDP port. If omitted, port 53 (the port used by most, if not all, domain servers) is used. <QUALITEM>(/PROTOCOL=proto) <QUALDEF> Selects either <KEYWORD>(TCP) or <KEYWORD>(UDP) protocol. The default is UDP. UDP is generally used for simple domain queries; TCP is generally only used for major domain system events, such as zone transfers. <QUALITEM>(/[NO]RECURSIVE) <QUALDEF> Sets the <emphasis>(recursion desired) bit in the query. If the server being queried supports recursion and does not have the requested information cached, it will make queries of other servers on your behalf until the query is answered. NSQUERY will notify you if the server does not support recursive queries. <QUALITEM>(/TYPE=qtype) <QUALDEF> Selects the type of resource record to be returned about the name. The default is ALL, which selects all available resource record types. Available types are as follows: <TABLE>(Resource record types) <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Type/QType\Description) <TABLE_ROW>(A\host address) <TABLE_ROW>(NS\authoritative name server) <TABLE_ROW>(MD\mail destination (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(MF\mail forwarder (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(CNAME\canonical name for an alias) <TABLE_ROW>(SOA\start of zone authority) <TABLE_ROW>(MB\mailbox domain name (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(MG\mail group member (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(MR\mail rename domain name (experimental)) <TABLE_ROW>(NULL\null resource record) <TABLE_ROW>(WKS\well-known service description) <TABLE_ROW>(PTR\domain name pointer) <TABLE_ROW>(HINFO\host information) <TABLE_ROW>(MINFO\mailbox or mail list information) <TABLE_ROW>(MX\mail exchange) <TABLE_ROW>(TXT\text strings) <TABLE_ROW>(AXFR\complete zone transfer) <TABLE_ROW>(MAILB\all mailbox-related records (MB, MG, MR)) <TABLE_ROW>(MAILA\all mail agent records (obsolete)) <ENDTABLE> Refer to RFC 1035 for a complete description of resource record types and their uses. Note that not all servers support all record types. You should probably never attempt to use the AXFR query type. <QUALITEM>(/CLASS=qclass) <QUALDEF> Selects the class of resource records to be returned. The default is INTERNET. Available <keyword>(qclass) values are: <TABLE>(Resource record classes) <TABLE_SETUP>(2\15) <TABLE_HEADS>(Class/QClass\Description) <TABLE_ROW>(INTERNET\the Internet) <TABLE_ROW>(CSNET\the CSNET class (obsolete)) <TABLE_ROW>(CHAOSNET\the CHAOS class) <TABLE_ROW>(HESIOD\the Hesiod class) <TABLE_ROW>(ALL\all classes) <ENDTABLE> For more information about resource record class values, see RFC 1035. Note that not all servers support all classes; most servers' authority extends only over Internet-class information. <ENDQUALDEFLIST> <EXAMPLE>(Sample NSQUERY output) <EXAMPLE_ATTRIBUTES>(MULTIPAGE\WIDE) <DISPLAY>(WIDE\MAXIMUM) $ NSQUERY RPI.EDU NETSERV1.ITS.RPI.EDU %NSQUERY-I-TRYNS, trying address 128.113.1.5... %NSQUERY-I-AUTHRESP, authoritative response %NSQUERY-I-QUERYOK, query operation completed successfully QUERY #1: QName=RPI.EDU., QType=255, QClass=1 ANSWER #1: RPI.EDU., SOA, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00 Primary NS: rpi.edu. Responsible: hostmaster.rpi.edu. Serial=600072, Refresh= 1 06:00:00, Retry= 0 00:20:00 Expire= 41 16:00:00, Minimum= 0 12:00:00 ANSWER #2: RPI.EDU., A, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.7 ANSWER #3: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=netserv1.its.rpi.edu. ANSWER #4: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=netserv2.its.rpi.edu. ANSWER #5: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=columbia.edu. ANSWER #6: RPI.EDU., NS, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, NS=n2ngw.nyser.net. ANSWER #7: RPI.EDU., HINFO, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, CPU=SUN-3/280, OS=UNIX ADDTNL #1: netserv1.its.rpi.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 12:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.5 ADDTNL #2: netserv2.its.rpi.edu., A, INTERNET, 1 00:00:00, Addr=128.113.1.3 ADDTNL #3: columbia.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 21:27:26, Addr=128.59.16.1 ADDTNL #4: columbia.edu., A, INTERNET, 0 21:27:26, Addr=128.59.32.1 ADDTNL #5: n2ngw.nyser.net., A, INTERNET, 1 22:57:35, Addr=192.35.82.2 ADDTNL #6: n2ngw.nyser.net., A, INTERNET, 0 00:00:56, Addr=128.145.198.2 <ENDDISPLAY> <ENDEXAMPLE> <ENDCOMMAND_SECTION>